==================== Scheduler Statistics ==================== Version 17 of schedstats removed 'lb_imbalance' field as it has no significance anymore and instead added more relevant fields namely 'lb_imbalance_load', 'lb_imbalance_util', 'lb_imbalance_task' and 'lb_imbalance_misfit'. The domain field prints the name of the corresponding sched domain from this version onwards. Version 16 of schedstats changed the order of definitions within 'enum cpu_idle_type', which changed the order of [CPU_MAX_IDLE_TYPES] columns in show_schedstat(). In particular the position of CPU_IDLE and __CPU_NOT_IDLE changed places. The size of the array is unchanged. Version 15 of schedstats dropped counters for some sched_yield: yld_exp_empty, yld_act_empty and yld_both_empty. Otherwise, it is identical to version 14. Details are available at https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/Documentation/scheduler/sched-stats.txt?id=1e1dbb259c79b Version 14 of schedstats includes support for sched_domains, which hit the mainline kernel in 2.6.20 although it is identical to the stats from version 12 which was in the kernel from 2.6.13-2.6.19 (version 13 never saw a kernel release). Some counters make more sense to be per-runqueue; other to be per-domain. Note that domains (and their associated information) will only be pertinent and available on machines utilizing CONFIG_SMP. In version 14 of schedstat, there is at least one level of domain statistics for each cpu listed, and there may well be more than one domain. Domains have no particular names in this implementation, but the highest numbered one typically arbitrates balancing across all the cpus on the machine, while domain0 is the most tightly focused domain, sometimes balancing only between pairs of cpus. At this time, there are no architectures which need more than three domain levels. The first field in the domain stats is a bit map indicating which cpus are affected by that domain. Details are available at https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/Documentation/sched-stats.txt?id=b762f3ffb797c The schedstat documentation is maintained version 10 onwards and is not updated for version 11 and 12. The details for version 10 are available at https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/Documentation/sched-stats.txt?id=1da177e4c3f4 These fields are counters, and only increment. Programs which make use of these will need to start with a baseline observation and then calculate the change in the counters at each subsequent observation. A perl script which does this for many of the fields is available at http://eaglet.pdxhosts.com/rick/linux/schedstat/ Note that any such script will necessarily be version-specific, as the main reason to change versions is changes in the output format. For those wishing to write their own scripts, the fields are described here. CPU statistics -------------- cpu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 First field is a sched_yield() statistic: 1) # of times sched_yield() was called Next three are schedule() statistics: 2) This field is a legacy array expiration count field used in the O(1) scheduler. We kept it for ABI compatibility, but it is always set to zero. 3) # of times schedule() was called 4) # of times schedule() left the processor idle Next two are try_to_wake_up() statistics: 5) # of times try_to_wake_up() was called 6) # of times try_to_wake_up() was called to wake up the local cpu Next three are statistics describing scheduling latency: 7) sum of all time spent running by tasks on this processor (in nanoseconds) 8) sum of all time spent waiting to run by tasks on this processor (in nanoseconds) 9) # of timeslices run on this cpu Domain statistics ----------------- One of these is produced per domain for each cpu described. (Note that if CONFIG_SMP is not defined, *no* domains are utilized and these lines will not appear in the output. is an extension to the domain field that prints the name of the corresponding sched domain. It can appear in schedstat version 17 and above, and requires CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG.) domain 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 The first field is a bit mask indicating what cpus this domain operates over. The next 33 are a variety of sched_balance_rq() statistics in grouped into types of idleness (busy, idle and newly idle): 1) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() was called when the cpu was busy 2) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() checked but found the load did not require balancing when busy 3) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() tried to move one or more tasks and failed, when the cpu was busy 4) Total imbalance in load when the cpu was busy 5) Total imbalance in utilization when the cpu was busy 6) Total imbalance in number of tasks when the cpu was busy 7) Total imbalance due to misfit tasks when the cpu was busy 8) # of times in this domain pull_task() was called when busy 9) # of times in this domain pull_task() was called even though the target task was cache-hot when busy 10) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() was called but did not find a busier queue while the cpu was busy 11) # of times in this domain a busier queue was found while the cpu was busy but no busier group was found 12) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() was called when the cpu was idle 13) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() checked but found the load did not require balancing when the cpu was idle 14) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() tried to move one or more tasks and failed, when the cpu was idle 15) Total imbalance in load when the cpu was idle 16) Total imbalance in utilization when the cpu was idle 17) Total imbalance in number of tasks when the cpu was idle 18) Total imbalance due to misfit tasks when the cpu was idle 19) # of times in this domain pull_task() was called when the cpu was idle 20) # of times in this domain pull_task() was called even though the target task was cache-hot when idle 21) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() was called but did not find a busier queue while the cpu was idle 22) # of times in this domain a busier queue was found while the cpu was idle but no busier group was found 23) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() was called when the was just becoming idle 24) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() checked but found the load did not require balancing when the cpu was just becoming idle 25) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() tried to move one or more tasks and failed, when the cpu was just becoming idle 26) Total imbalance in load when the cpu was just becoming idle 27) Total imbalance in utilization when the cpu was just becoming idle 28) Total imbalance in number of tasks when the cpu was just becoming idle 29) Total imbalance due to misfit tasks when the cpu was just becoming idle 30) # of times in this domain pull_task() was called when newly idle 31) # of times in this domain pull_task() was called even though the target task was cache-hot when just becoming idle 32) # of times in this domain sched_balance_rq() was called but did not find a busier queue while the cpu was just becoming idle 33) # of times in this domain a busier queue was found while the cpu was just becoming idle but no busier group was found Next three are active_load_balance() statistics: 34) # of times active_load_balance() was called 35) # of times active_load_balance() tried to move a task and failed 36) # of times active_load_balance() successfully moved a task Next three are sched_balance_exec() statistics: 37) sbe_cnt is not used 38) sbe_balanced is not used 39) sbe_pushed is not used Next three are sched_balance_fork() statistics: 40) sbf_cnt is not used 41) sbf_balanced is not used 42) sbf_pushed is not used Next three are try_to_wake_up() statistics: 43) # of times in this domain try_to_wake_up() awoke a task that last ran on a different cpu in this domain 44) # of times in this domain try_to_wake_up() moved a task to the waking cpu because it was cache-cold on its own cpu anyway 45) # of times in this domain try_to_wake_up() started passive balancing /proc//schedstat --------------------- schedstats also adds a new /proc//schedstat file to include some of the same information on a per-process level. There are three fields in this file correlating for that process to: 1) time spent on the cpu (in nanoseconds) 2) time spent waiting on a runqueue (in nanoseconds) 3) # of timeslices run on this cpu A program could be easily written to make use of these extra fields to report on how well a particular process or set of processes is faring under the scheduler's policies. A simple version of such a program is available at http://eaglet.pdxhosts.com/rick/linux/schedstat/v12/latency.c